In 1989, for Chinese art, it marked a pivotal year—a shift from modernism or avant-garde to the so-called "contemporary art." However, this transition was not a logical consequence influenced by postmodern theories as seen in Western art after World War II. Chinese contemporary art was not only influenced by Western contemporary art but was also profoundly constrained by the political system and ideology of the country. Coupled with its unique historical background, this shift had complex origins, giving rise to a distinct language and artistic form.
This book, through four sections, historically reviews and analyzes Chinese politics and social reality post-Cold War, especially after the political events of June 4, 1989. It explores how art, in a political system that remained unchanged, evolved into a form of "contemporary art" through an incomplete market economy and strategic ideological shifts, diverging from official art while still fostering development. The book also analyzes the global context of the new century, highlighting several issues that must be confronted when evaluating contemporary Chinese art.